Vitamin B 9 (folic acid, a B vitamin C )

Description

To vitamin B ₉ may include a group of compounds - folic acid, folacin, folate.

Vitamin B ₉ - water-soluble vitamin, it is easily soluble in water at basic pH. Easily destroyed by cooking and light.

Sources

Vegetable Animals Synthesis in the body Legumes, green leafy vegetables, carrots, cereals (barley), bran, buckwheat and oat cereals, legumes, yeast, nuts, bananas, oranges, cantaloupe, apricots, pumpkin, yeast, dates, mushrooms, roots Liver, beef, lamb, pork, chicken, egg yolk, milk, cheese, salmon, tuna Synthesized by microorganisms of the colon

It should be remembered that cooking destroys up to 90% of folic acid contained in the raw food. So, when cooking vegetables and meat loss of folate reach 70-90% when roasting meat - 95% when cooking eggs - 50%.

Stocks of folic acid in the body are depleted with regular use of alcohol.

Bifidobacteria supplementation increases the synthesis of folic acid in the colon.

Action

Folic acid has acceptor properties to hydrogen, and this determines its participation in redox processes.

Folic acid is metabolized to tetrahydrofolic acid, a cofactor for the enzyme systems involved in the transport of various carbon radicals.

Folate coenzymes involved and the biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine osnovyny, nucleic acids, amino acids, as well as increase the use of the body of glutamic acid and tyrosine.

Folic acid has been actively involved in the regulation of functions of the blood, has antianemic effect in macrocytic anemia. Also has a positive effect on the function of the intestines and liver, increases the concentration of choline in the liver and prevents fatty infiltration.

Folic acid supports the immune system, promotes normal formation and function of white blood cells.

Folic acid plays an important role in pregnancy. It regulates the formation of nerve cells of the embryo, which is essential for normal development. Daily intake of folic acid in early pregnancy can prevent the defect of the nerve trunk of the fetus, as anentsefaliya and spina bifida (spina bifida) in 75% of cases.

In addition, folic acid prevents preterm labor, preterm birth and premature breaking of the amniotic membranes. Folivevaya acid is indispensable for the removal of post-partum depression, so that it can truly be called the most important "female" vitamin.

In high doses, folic acid has estrogen-like effect, it can slow the onset of menopause and reduce the symptoms, and adolescent girls, it can adjust the delay of sexual development.

Folic acid deficiency is common in people with psoriasis. With vitamin B ₁₂ Folic acid helps equalize the loss of pigmentation caused by vitiligo, and also helps with acne.

Daily maintenance

Table. The recommended daily requirement for vitamin B ₉ , depending on the age in Russia, the UK and the U.S. (mg)

Infants Children Men Women Age 0-1/2 1/2-1 3.1 4.6 7.10 11-14 15-18 19-59 60-74 > 75 11-14 15-18 19-59 60-74 > 75 preg- variables cor- myaschie Russia 40 60 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 300

Infants Children Men Women Age 0-1/2 1/2-1 3.1 4.6 7.10 11-14 15-18 19-24 25-50 > 51 11-14 15-18 19-24 25-50 > 51 preg- variables cor- myaschie Great Britain 50 50 70 100 150 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 * Dose * Dose USA 25 35 50 75 100 150 200 200 200 200 150 180 180 180 180 400 280

Symptoms of hypovitaminosis

"Red English", anemia, lethargy, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, digestive disorders, graying, growth, breathing difficulties, memory problems, birth defects of the offspring.

Statement

Enteritis, diseases of the blood, some toxic, radiation disease, liver disease (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis), atherosclerosis, psoriasis.

Folic acid helps with depression and increased anxiety, and is indicated for the treatment of cervical dysplasia.

Dosages

With the purpose of treatment folic acid is prescribed for adults, 5 mg a day for children - in smaller doses, depending on age. The course of treatment is 20-30 days.

Safety

Prolonged intake of folic acid in high doses can cause a deficiency of vitamin B ₁₂ .

Symptoms of hypervitaminosis

Large doses of folic acid sometimes cause children dyspepsia, increased CNS excitability, could lead to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the epithelial cells of the kidneys.

Prolonged use of high doses of folic acid is not recommended because of the reduction in the blood levels of vitamin B12.

Interaction

Folic acid is best taken together with vitamin B ₁₂ and C.

When receiving antihyperlipidemic funds, antimetabolites, sulfonamides, and alcohol-drug impaired absorption of folic acid.

Corticosteroid hormones promotes leaching of folic acid.

Levels of folic acid reduced with aspirin in high doses.

Estrogenzamestitelnaya therapy leads to severe deficiency of folic acid.

Nitrofuranovye drugs (naznachabtsya infections of the urinary tract) violate the exchange of folic acid.

Folic acid deficiency may develop in the application of anti-epileptic drugs (barbiturates, hydantoin derivatives), but co-administration of high doses of folic acid may reduce the effectiveness of these drugs.

Folic acid deficiency may occur when taking anti-TB drugs.

The latest data

Study to evaluate the possible effect of vitamin B12 and folic acid level of memory in older people (population of centenarians 90-101 year). Folic acid was the most effective in some ways an objective assessment of the quality of memory, speed of thinking.